CFD Online Discussion Forums - Computational fluid dynamics problem (Matlab)

Hi,

While using the MIT18086_NAVIERSTOKES.m code I encountered a problem to which I need some guidance from to come up with a solution. I modified the MIT18086_NAVIERSTOKES.m code to suit my problem. But I'm unable to achieve the correct required result when the code is executed. I have explained my problem below.

A rectangular obstacle (a heat source) is placed in a rectangular domain of incompressible fluid flow. The rectangular obstacle is placed where its left boundary lying on the left boundary of the rectangular domain (obstacle moved to the left side). The top or bottom boundaries of the obstacle do not touch the rectangular domain boundary. This can be seen in the image attached.

I want to apply finite difference method to this problem. But I can't figure out the boundary conditions for the obstacle for the velocity components, temperature and also the outflow temperature condition. I have attached the modified code as well. Please be kind enough to help me out to sort this issue.

Thank you in advance.

The code is given below:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Main code:

global Re Pr nx ny hx hy dt out
%==============================MAIN PROGRAM================================
Re = 50; % Reynolds number
Pr = 7; % Prandtl number
dt = 1e-2; % time step
tf = 8e-0; % final time
lx = 1; % width of box
ly = 1; % height of box
nx = 40; % number of x-gridpoints
ny = 40; % number of y-gridpoints
nsteps = 10; % number of steps with graphic output
in = 10; % number of cells for inflow
out = 12; % number of cells for outflow
RT = 30; % Room temperature
obl = 1; obr = 24; obb = 19; obt = 22; %defining the obstacle
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
close all
nt = ceil(tf/dt); dt = tf/nt;
x = linspace(0,lx,nx+1); hx = lx/nx;
y = linspace(0,ly,ny+1); hy = ly/ny;
ax = avg(x); ay = avg(y);
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
%Initial conditions
U0 = zeros(nx-1,ny); V0 = zeros(nx,ny-1);
%T = zeros(nx,ny)+RT;
%Boundary conditions
uN = x*0; vN = ax*0;
uS = x*0; vS = ax*0;
uW = [ay(1:end-in)*0 ay(end-in+1:end)*0+1]; vW = y*0;
uE = ay*0; vE = y*0;
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
fprintf('initialization')
Lq = kron(speye(ny-1),K1(nx-1,hx,2))+kron(K1(ny-1,hy,2),speye(nx-1));
perq = symamd(Lq); Rq = chol(Lq(perq,perq)); Rqt = Rq';
figure('un', 'normalized', 'pos',[0.01 0.05 0.98 0.85])
fprintf(', time loop\n--20%%--40%%--60%%--80%%-100%%\n')

for k=1:nt
vS(1:out) = V0(1:out,1)'; %outflow B.C
uS(2:out+1) = U0(1:out,1)'; %outflow B.C
%calling Energy function
%T = Energy(U,uW,uE,V,vN,vS,T,TN,TS,TW,TE);
%calling Navierstokes function
[U,V] = Navierstokes(U0,uN,uS,uE,uW,V0,vN,vS,vW,vE);

V(obl:obr,obt) = V(obl:obr,obt)*0;
V(obl:obr,obb-1) = V(obl:obr,obb-1)*0;
U(obr,obb:obt) = U(obr,obb:obt)*0;
% U(obl-1,obb:obt) = U(obl-1,obb:obt)*0;
U(obl:obr-1,obb) = -U(obl:obr-1,obb-1);
U(obl:obr-1,obt) = -U(obl:obr-1,obt+1);
% V(obl,obb:obt-1) = -V(obl-1,obb:obt-1);
V(obr,obb:obt-1) = -V(obr+1,obb:obt-1);
U(obl:obr-1,obb:obt) = U(obl:obr-1,obb:obt)*0;
V(obl:obr,obb:obt-1) = V(obl:obr,obb:obt-1)*0;

%visualization
if floor(25*k/nt)>floor(25*(k-1)/nt), fprintf('.'), end
if k==1 | floor(nsteps*k/nt)>floor(nsteps*(k-1)/nt)
%stream function
rhs = reshape(diff(U')'/hy-diff(V)/hx,[],1);
q(perq) = Rq\(Rqt\rhs(perq));
Q = zeros(nx+1,ny+1);
Q(2:end-1,2:end-1) = reshape(q,nx-1,ny-1);
Q(obl:obr+1,obb:obt+1)=Q(obl:obr+1,obb:obt+1)*0;
clf, %contourf(avg(x),avg(y),P',20,'w-'),
hold on
contour(x,y,Q',20,'k-');
Ue = [uS' avg([uW;U;uE]')' uN'];
Ve = [vW;avg([vS' V vN']);vE];
Len = sqrt(Ue.^2+Ve.^2+eps);
quiver(x,y,(Ue./Len)',(Ve./Len)',.4,'b-')
% streamline((Ue./Len)',(Ve./Len)',2,4)
hold off, axis equal, axis([0 lx 0 ly])
% p = sort(p); caxis(p([8 end-7]))
title(sprintf('Re = %0.1g ,Pr = %0.1g ,t = %0.2g',Re,Pr,k*dt))
drawnow
end
U0=U; V0=V;
end
fprintf('\n')

----------------------------------------------------------------------
function 1:

function [Unew,Vnew,P] = Navierstokes(U,uN,uS,uE,uW,V,vN,vS,vW,vE)
% function NAVIERSTOKES
% Solves the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in a
% rectangular domain with prescribed velocities along the
% boundary. The solution method is finite differencing on
% a staggered grid with impicit diffusion and a Chorin
% projection method for the projection.
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
global Re nx ny hx hy dt

Ubc = dt/Re*([2*uS(2:end-1)' zeros(nx-1,ny-2) 2*uN(2:end-1)']/hx^2+...
[uW;zeros(nx-3,ny);uE]/hy^2);
Vbc = dt/Re*([vS' zeros(nx,ny-3) vN']/hx^2+...
[2*vW(2:end-1);zeros(nx-2,ny-1);2*vE(2:end-1)]/hy^2);

Lp = kron(speye(ny),K1(nx,hx,1))+kron(K1(ny,hy,1),speye (nx));
Lp(1,1) = 3/2*Lp(1,1);
perp = symamd(Lp);Rp = chol(Lp(perp,perp)); Rpt = Rp';
Lu = speye((nx-1)*ny)+dt/Re*(kron(speye(ny),K1(nx-1,hx,2))+...
kron(K1(ny,hy,3),speye(nx-1)));
peru = symamd(Lu); Ru = chol(Lu(peru,peru)); Rut =Ru';
Lv = speye(nx*(ny-1))+dt/Re*(kron(speye(ny-1),K1(nx,hx,3))+...
kron(K1(ny-1,hy,2),speye(nx)));
perv = symamd(Lv); Rv = chol(Lv(perv,perv)); Rvt = Rv';

% treat nonlinear terms
gamma = min(1.2*dt*max(max(max(abs(U)))/hx,max(max(abs(V)))/hy),1);
Ue = [uW;U;uE]; Ue = [2*uS'-Ue(:,1) Ue 2*uN'-Ue(:,end)];
Ve = [vS' V vN']; Ve = [2*vW-Ve(1,:);Ve;2*vE-Ve(end,:)];
Ua = avg(Ue')'; Ud = diff(Ue')'/2;
Va = avg(Ve); Vd = diff(Ve)/2;
UVx = diff(Ua.*Va-gamma*abs(Ua).*Vd)/hx;
UVy = diff((Ua.*Va-gamma*Ud.*abs(Va))')'/hy;
Ua = avg(Ue(:,2:end-1)); Ud = diff(Ue(:,2:end-1))/2;
Va = avg(Ve(2:end-1,:)')'; Vd = diff(Ve(2:end-1,:)')'/2;
U2x = diff(Ua.^2-gamma*abs(Ua).*Ud)/hx;
V2y = diff((Va.^2-gamma*abs(Va).*Vd)')'/hy;
U = U-dt*(UVy(2:end-1,:)+U2x);
V = V-dt*(UVx(:,2:end-1)+V2y);

%implicit viscosity
rhs = reshape(U+Ubc,[],1);
u(peru) = Ru\(Rut\rhs(peru));
U = reshape(u,nx-1,ny);
rhs = reshape(V+Vbc,[],1);
v(perv) = Rv\(Rvt\rhs(perv));
V = reshape(v,nx,ny-1);

%pressure correction
rhs = reshape(diff([uW;U;uE])/hx+diff([vS' V vN']')'/hy,[],1);
p(perp) = -Rp\(Rpt\rhs(perp));
P = reshape(p,nx,ny);
U = U-diff(P)/hx;
V = V-diff(P')'/hy;

Unew = U;
Vnew = V;

-------------------------------------------------------------------
function 2:

function A = K1(n,h,a11)
%a11: Neumann=1, Dirichlet=2, Dirichlet mid=3
A = spdiags([-1 a11 0;ones(n-2,1)*[-1 2 -1];0 a11 -1],-1:1,n,n)/h^2;

--------------------------------------------------------------------
function 3:

function B = avg(A)
if size(A,1)==1, A = A'; end
B = (A(2:end,:)+A(1:end-1,:))/2;
if size(A,2)==1, B = B'; end

----------------------------------------------------------------------
function 4:

function Tnew = Energy(U,uW,uE,V,vN,vS,T,TN,TS,TW,TE)
%computes the temperature at each discretized point according
%to the velocity components using Energy equation
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
global Re Pr nx ny hx hy dt

LT = speye(nx*ny)-dt/(Re*Pr)*(kron(speye(ny),K1(nx,hx,2))+...
kron(K1(ny,hy,2),speye(nx)));
gamma = min(1.2*dt*max(max(max(abs(U)))/hx,max(max(abs(V)))/hy),1);

Ue = [uW;U;uE]; Ve =[vS' V vN'];
Te = [2*TW-T(1,:); T; 2*TE-T(end,:)];
Ta = avg(Te); Td = diff(Te)/2;
UTx = diff(Ue.*Ta-gamma*abs(Ue).*Td)/hx;
Te = [2*TS'-T(:,1) T 2*TN'-T(:,end)];
Ta = avg(Te')'; Td = diff(Te')'/2;
VTy = diff((Ve.*Ta-gamma*abs(Ve).*Td)')'/hy;
T = reshape(T,[],1); Tx = reshape(UTx,[],1); Ty = reshape(VTy,[],1);
T1 = LT*T-(Tx+Ty)*dt;
Tnew = reshape(T1,nx,ny);