[jennap223]

Hello,
I am looking to model a non-reactive jet into a quiescent chamber of air where the liquid jet will atomize into liquid droplets and eventually into a fine spray which I assume will become a gas/vapor.

So far, I have been just trying this out in 2D using RANS equations, but eventually plan for 3D as well. The multiphase models are not quite as straightforward... and that's where I was looking for some insight.

Using VOF: defining phase 1, 2, and 3 as the injected liquid, gas, and air respectively. Phase interaction as VOF-VOF with multiphase material where primary phase is the liquid and secondary is the gas.
My issue with this is that it yields no gas phase (0 in the residuals and scalar), but just the liquid phase into air and doesn't really spread out all that much. This is without messing with under-relaxation or order of equations.

is VOF not correct? I also tried segregated multiphase flow model and the residuals are out of control

EDIT: I am looking to model this as Eulerian-Eulerian

Thanks