Case study on blood flow over nfrpc bone attached plate using computational fluid dyn
Posted February 24, 2012 at 04:36 by CHANDRAMOHAN
CASE STUDY ON BLOOD FLOW OVER NFRPC BONE ATTACHED PLATE USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
D.Chandramohan
Ph.D., Research scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Anna University of Technology Coimbatore, Coimbatore, India
Email: mail_2_cm@yahoo.com
K. Marimuthu
Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
Email: kmcit@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract— In this research thermal stress analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics [CFD] has been carried out on (Sisal (Agave sisalana) and Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) hybrid plate material and the values compared with manual calculation found to be good in agreement. This invention focuses thermal properties of natural fibers that are used for bone grafting substitutes which are now becoming a great challenge for biomedical engineers. This paper proposed suggestions of using Natural fiber reinforced polymer composite [NFRPC] as a plate material which uses pure natural fibers that are rich in medicinal properties like Sisal and Roselle fiber. The most important thing that the researchers have to take into account is that these step taken now, will help the mankind to develop and to have a more pleasant life.
I INTRODUCTION
This project work concentrates on the biomaterials progress in the field of orthopedics. An effort to utilize the advantages offered by renewable resources for the development of biocomposite materials based on biopolymers and natural fibers, in this research work natural fiber particle reinforced materials such as (Sisal (Agave sisalana), Banana (Musa sepientum) and Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) reinforced polymer composite plate material with bio epoxy resin Grade 3554A and Hardener 3554B were used for bone grafting substitutes.
The basic governing equations for a viscous, heat conducting fluid have been derived for NFRPC material. It is a vector equation obtained by applying Newton's Law of Motion to a fluid element and is also called the momentum equation. It is supplemented by the mass conservation equation, also called continuity equation and the energy equation. Usually, the term Navier-Stokes equations are used to refer to all of these equations.
In this research thermal stress analysis using CFD has been carried out on NFRPC plate material and the values compared with manual calculation found to be good in agreement. This invention focuses thermal properties of natural fibers that are used for bone grafting substitutes which are now becoming a great challenge for biomedical engineers. This project emphasis the enhanced property of natural fiber as bone implants. It is a challenge to the creation of better materials for the improvement of life quality. This project proposed suggestions of using Natural fiber reinforced composite as a plate material which uses pure natural fibers that are rich in medicinal properties like Sisal, Banana & Roselle (hybrid) fiber. The most important thing that the researchers have to take into account is that these step taken now, will help the mankind to develop and to have a more pleasant life.
A. COMPUTATIONAL DETAILS OF PRESENT WORK
Manual Calculation
Assumptions Made
The following assumptions have been invoked while formulating the governing equations for the sake of simplicity:
Ø Buoyancy effects are negligible
Ø Radiation effects are negligible
Ø The flow is adiabatic (there is no heat transfer between the flow and the surroundings).
Plate Dimensions
Length of plate = 0.106 m
Breadth of the plate = 0.01 m
Thickness of the plate = 0.003 m
Thermal conductivity = 0.543 W/m-K
C.O.P of blood = 3594 kJ/kg-K
Domain Dimensions
Diameter of domain =0.16 m
Length of the domain =0.5 m
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Inlet velocity =0.5 m/s
Inlet Temperature =305 k
Outlet pressure =0 Pa
Bone Dimensions
Length of bone =0.191 m
Solution
Nusselt number
Nu = h D/k
hD /k = 0.023× ( Re)0.8 ×(Pr)1/3
Where,
Nu- Nusselt number
h- Heat transfer coefficient (W/m2-K)
D- Diameter of Domain (m)
K- Thermal conductivity (W/m-k)
Re- Reynolds number
If Re > 2300 (Flow is Turbulent)
Reynolds number
Re = ρVD/μ
= (1060×0.5×0.16)/0.004
= 2.12×104, hence flow is turbulent
Where,
Ρ- Density of blood (kg/m3)
V- velocity of blood (m/s)
μ- Dynamic viscosity (kg/m-s)
Prandtl number
Pr= μCp/k
= 0.004×3594/0.543
Pr = 26.48
Where,
Cp-coefficient of performance (kJ/kg-K)
(h×0.16)/0.543 = 0.023× (2.12× 104) 0.8× (26.48) 1/3
h = 655.27 W/m2-K
In this research Sisal and Roselle fiber particle reinforced composite plate material’s Thermal Heat transfer coefficient has been calculated manually (655.27 w/m2 –k) and CFD (695.75 w/m2 –k) both the results are found to be good in agreement.
Books
[1] Anderson, John D. 1995. Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics With Applications, Science/Engineering/Math, McGraw-Hill Science.
[2] Patankar, Suhas. 1980. Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Hemisphere Series on Computational Methods in Mechanics and Thermal Science, Taylor & Francis.
External Links
[1] CFD Tutorial Many examples and images, with references to robotic fish.
[2] CFD-Wiki
Course: Introduction to CFD – Dmitri Kuzmin (Dortmund University of Technology
D.Chandramohan
Ph.D., Research scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Anna University of Technology Coimbatore, Coimbatore, India
Email: mail_2_cm@yahoo.com
Mobile No:+91-9994116596
Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
Email: kmcit@yahoo.co.uk
Mobile No:+91-9486587225
Abstract— In this research thermal stress analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics [CFD] has been carried out on (Sisal (Agave sisalana) and Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) hybrid plate material and the values compared with manual calculation found to be good in agreement. This invention focuses thermal properties of natural fibers that are used for bone grafting substitutes which are now becoming a great challenge for biomedical engineers. This paper proposed suggestions of using Natural fiber reinforced polymer composite [NFRPC] as a plate material which uses pure natural fibers that are rich in medicinal properties like Sisal and Roselle fiber. The most important thing that the researchers have to take into account is that these step taken now, will help the mankind to develop and to have a more pleasant life.
Keywords- Thermal stress analysis, CFD, Agave sisalana, Hibiscus sabdariffa.
I INTRODUCTION
This project work concentrates on the biomaterials progress in the field of orthopedics. An effort to utilize the advantages offered by renewable resources for the development of biocomposite materials based on biopolymers and natural fibers, in this research work natural fiber particle reinforced materials such as (Sisal (Agave sisalana), Banana (Musa sepientum) and Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) reinforced polymer composite plate material with bio epoxy resin Grade 3554A and Hardener 3554B were used for bone grafting substitutes.
The basic governing equations for a viscous, heat conducting fluid have been derived for NFRPC material. It is a vector equation obtained by applying Newton's Law of Motion to a fluid element and is also called the momentum equation. It is supplemented by the mass conservation equation, also called continuity equation and the energy equation. Usually, the term Navier-Stokes equations are used to refer to all of these equations.
In this research thermal stress analysis using CFD has been carried out on NFRPC plate material and the values compared with manual calculation found to be good in agreement. This invention focuses thermal properties of natural fibers that are used for bone grafting substitutes which are now becoming a great challenge for biomedical engineers. This project emphasis the enhanced property of natural fiber as bone implants. It is a challenge to the creation of better materials for the improvement of life quality. This project proposed suggestions of using Natural fiber reinforced composite as a plate material which uses pure natural fibers that are rich in medicinal properties like Sisal, Banana & Roselle (hybrid) fiber. The most important thing that the researchers have to take into account is that these step taken now, will help the mankind to develop and to have a more pleasant life.
A. COMPUTATIONAL DETAILS OF PRESENT WORK
Manual Calculation
Assumptions Made
The following assumptions have been invoked while formulating the governing equations for the sake of simplicity:
Ø Buoyancy effects are negligible
Ø Radiation effects are negligible
Ø The flow is adiabatic (there is no heat transfer between the flow and the surroundings).
Plate Dimensions
Length of plate = 0.106 m
Breadth of the plate = 0.01 m
Thickness of the plate = 0.003 m
Thermal conductivity = 0.543 W/m-K
C.O.P of blood = 3594 kJ/kg-K
Domain Dimensions
Diameter of domain =0.16 m
Length of the domain =0.5 m
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Inlet velocity =0.5 m/s
Inlet Temperature =305 k
Outlet pressure =0 Pa
Bone Dimensions
Length of bone =0.191 m
Solution
Nusselt number
Nu = h D/k
hD /k = 0.023× ( Re)0.8 ×(Pr)1/3
Where,
Nu- Nusselt number
h- Heat transfer coefficient (W/m2-K)
D- Diameter of Domain (m)
K- Thermal conductivity (W/m-k)
Re- Reynolds number
If Re > 2300 (Flow is Turbulent)
Reynolds number
Re = ρVD/μ
= (1060×0.5×0.16)/0.004
= 2.12×104, hence flow is turbulent
Where,
Ρ- Density of blood (kg/m3)
V- velocity of blood (m/s)
μ- Dynamic viscosity (kg/m-s)
Prandtl number
Pr= μCp/k
= 0.004×3594/0.543
Pr = 26.48
Where,
Cp-coefficient of performance (kJ/kg-K)
(h×0.16)/0.543 = 0.023× (2.12× 104) 0.8× (26.48) 1/3
h = 655.27 W/m2-K
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
[1] Anderson, John D. 1995. Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics With Applications, Science/Engineering/Math, McGraw-Hill Science.
[2] Patankar, Suhas. 1980. Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Hemisphere Series on Computational Methods in Mechanics and Thermal Science, Taylor & Francis.
External Links
[1] CFD Tutorial Many examples and images, with references to robotic fish.
[2] CFD-Wiki
Course: Introduction to CFD – Dmitri Kuzmin (Dortmund University of Technology
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