2D pipe flow analsys problem
 

Dear friends,


I am trying to analsys in 2D pipe flow.
But as you can see at picture. The flow is dispersing in pipe certain location.
I could not understand, why did happen this. I attached a jpeg file.



Could you please help me?


Thanks in advance,

Regards,

Look in open literature on flow on a sudden expansion as analysed by e.q. Dellenback.

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Well, first you must know what Reynolds number it is. Because you'll know what regime of your flow. Laminar, transition or turbulent.

There are many other things you must know of fluid mechanics before you start your analysis. I recommend you to read a book. My favorite is 'Introduction to Fluid Mechanics - Fox and McDonald', but is kind of hard. The most understandable book from this theme, in my opinion, is "Fluid Mechanics - Çengel, Cimbala".

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What you are seeing is a well known flow phenomenon called the "Coanda effect". It is due to the Bernoulli principal where higher velocity = lower static pressure. The jet will become unstable and end up attached to one wall, where it will stay since the velocity is higher, and therefore pressure is lower on that one side.
This is a great example of a perfectly symmetric geometry which results in a non-symmetric flow, showing one must be careful applying symmetry conditions to flow which may not have a symmetric solution.