Hello fluent users

I am beginner in cfd and looking for information about (1) k-e turblunce model and y plus values. (2) What does high epsilon residuals values means during convergnec porocess?

My simulation is two phase air-water bubbly flow in a pipe.

Thanks

Aly

1) With standard and non equilibrium wall-functions, you should keep 30 < y+ < 60, while with the enhanced wall treatment, you should have y+ close to 1.

2) It depends on many factors. Usually difficult convergence is related to bad boundary conditions or to improper solver settings.

Hi

ap