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February 14, 2017, 09:16
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How to use PIMPLE properly?
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#1 |
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Senior Member
Kevin van As
Join Date: Sep 2014
Location: TU Delft, The Netherlands
Posts: 252
Rep Power: 20  |
Background:
I am simulating a rising bubble in OF41 with the interFoam solver. To do so, I am currently using a uniform mesh with cubic cells (aspect ratio 1). There are a total of 90x90x180 cells, which corresponds to 15 cells / bubble diameter. (This is relatively coarse, but should be fine enough to test the below.) This case converges pretty well using only one outer (SIMPLE) iteration and just three inner (PISO) iterations with maxCo=0.5. I decided to check whether using the PIMPLE algorithm - following Tobi's guide - might speed up my simulation. Problem (I mean, challenge): The PIMPLE algorithm slows down my simulation considerably, which is because the solution does not (barely) improve with successive outer iterations. maxCo is only 2. (Which means that each timestep must at most take a factor four longer to be faster than the maxCo=0.5 simulation.) Log file (snippet): Code:
Courant Number mean: 0.000976416 max: 1.44982 Interface Courant Number mean: 0.000135741 max: 1.05712 deltaT = 7.14286e-05 Time = 0.0035 PIMPLE: iteration 1 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.00797562, Final residual = 6.12225e-08, No Iterations 3 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = 2.79909e-07 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -0.000994 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.135337, Final residual = 0.000314987, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 5.46316e-07, global = 1.47295e-10, cumulative = -2.1714e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0940134, Final residual = 0.000266503, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.6467e-07, global = -6.43504e-10, cumulative = -2.17783e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0941178, Final residual = 0.00025847, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.50745e-07, global = -8.69603e-10, cumulative = -2.18653e-07 PIMPLE: iteration 2 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.00645469, Final residual = 1.00334e-09, No Iterations 3 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = 2.06368e-07 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00028 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -0.00122852 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00028 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.086505, Final residual = 0.000338267, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 7.40111e-07, global = -3.00883e-10, cumulative = -2.18954e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0606414, Final residual = 0.000265495, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 5.8013e-07, global = -7.78486e-10, cumulative = -2.19732e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0606601, Final residual = 0.000258879, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 5.65676e-07, global = -8.99989e-10, cumulative = -2.20632e-07 PIMPLE: iteration 3 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.00582153, Final residual = 2.94448e-09, No Iterations 3 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = 2.78524e-07 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00023 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -0.00139389 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00023 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.080493, Final residual = 0.000340901, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 6.77737e-07, global = -1.80287e-10, cumulative = -2.20813e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0560016, Final residual = 0.000246158, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.90191e-07, global = -1.04078e-09, cumulative = -2.21853e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0560882, Final residual = 0.000241618, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.81123e-07, global = -1.22133e-09, cumulative = -2.23075e-07 PIMPLE: iteration 4 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.00559932, Final residual = 9.83465e-10, No Iterations 3 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = 2.60849e-07 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -0.000778589 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0612285, Final residual = 0.000199755, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.25689e-07, global = -2.24356e-09, cumulative = -2.25318e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0427183, Final residual = 0.000117493, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 2.50063e-07, global = -4.87422e-09, cumulative = -2.30193e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0427806, Final residual = 0.000118101, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 2.51322e-07, global = -4.84618e-09, cumulative = -2.35039e-07 (...) PIMPLE: iteration 198 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.00473282, Final residual = 8.68777e-10, No Iterations 3 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = 1.54224e-07 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -0.000778275 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0242179, Final residual = 1.44059e-05, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 3.02184e-08, global = -2.22393e-10, cumulative = -1.3677e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0168498, Final residual = 1.09407e-05, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 2.29456e-08, global = -2.17156e-10, cumulative = -1.36987e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0168702, Final residual = 1.08204e-05, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 2.26937e-08, global = -2.14002e-10, cumulative = -1.37201e-07 PIMPLE: iteration 199 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.00473242, Final residual = 1.01542e-09, No Iterations 3 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = 1.50747e-07 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -0.00100276 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0231552, Final residual = 1.27849e-05, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 2.60952e-08, global = 7.02594e-11, cumulative = -1.37131e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0160877, Final residual = 9.21079e-06, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.8809e-08, global = 7.69685e-11, cumulative = -1.37054e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0161063, Final residual = 9.18537e-06, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.87572e-08, global = 7.68037e-11, cumulative = -1.36977e-07 PIMPLE: iteration 200 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.00473295, Final residual = 8.68842e-10, No Iterations 3 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = 1.54225e-07 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -0.0007774 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0384742, Final residual = 4.37332e-05, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 3.03523e-07, global = 2.45412e-10, cumulative = -1.36732e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00193055, Final residual = 7.99627e-06, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 5.51445e-08, global = 6.02003e-10, cumulative = -1.3613e-07 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.000402165, Final residual = 6.91129e-09, No Iterations 19 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.76783e-11, global = 1.11926e-11, cumulative = -1.36119e-07 PIMPLE: not converged within 200 iterations and (2) the solution does not (or barely) improve with successive outer iterations. Then, remarkably, in the very last iteration convergence is great! This is presumably because under-relaxation is disabled. This is something I have seen several times before, but I have never understood. The relevant files are listed below. I should add that changing relTol for p_rgh from 1e-02 to 1e-03 yields a slightly better result, which still is not close to converging after 200 outer iterations. Reducing the under-relaxation factors from 0.3 to 0.1 is yet much better, allowing PIMPLE to converge in 130 iterations, which ... is still an awful lot of iterations. Furthermore, over time it increased to 180 iterations. Further reducing the under-relaxation factor from 0.1 to 0.01 yields a better residual (~5e-3) after 200 iterations, but PIMPLE still did not converge. Question: But then, how can PIMPLE ever yield a better(=faster) result than having only one outer iteration...? In other words, what am I doing incorrectly? Relevant Files: controlDict: Code:
/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
| ========= | |
| \\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox |
| \\ / O peration | Version: 4.0 |
| \\ / A nd | Web: www.OpenFOAM.org |
| \\/ M anipulation | |
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class dictionary;
location "system";
object controlDict;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
application interFoam;
startFrom startTime;
startTime 0;
stopAt endTime;
endTime 0.070;
deltaT 1e-6;
writeControl adjustableRunTime;
writeInterval 5e-4;
purgeWrite 0;
writeFormat ascii;
writePrecision 6;
writeCompression uncompressed;
timeFormat general;
timePrecision 6;
runTimeModifiable yes;
adjustTimeStep yes;
maxCo 2;
maxAlphaCo 2;
maxDeltaT 1;
libs
(
"libsimpleFunctionObjects.so"
"libsimpleSwakFunctionObjects.so"
"libswakLagrangianParser.so"
"libswakFunctionObjects.so"
"libsimpleLagrangianFunctionObjects.so"
);
functions
{
#include "bubPositionDict" //Monitors the position of the bubble over time
}
// ************************************************************************* //
Code:
/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
| ========= | |
| \\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox |
| \\ / O peration | Version: 4.0 |
| \\ / A nd | Web: www.OpenFOAM.org |
| \\/ M anipulation | |
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class dictionary;
location "system";
object fvSolution;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
solvers
{
"alpha.water.*"
{
nAlphaCorr 2;
nAlphaSubCycles 1;
cAlpha 1;
MULESCorr yes;
nLimiterIter 2;
solver smoothSolver;
smoother symGaussSeidel;
tolerance 1e-07;
relTol 0;
}
p_rgh
{
solver GAMG;
tolerance 1e-08;
relTol 1e-02;
smoother DIC;
//nPreSweeps 0;
//nPostSweeps 2;
//nFinestSweeps 2;
cacheAgglomeration no;
//nCellsInCoarsestLevel 10;
//agglomerator faceAreaPair;
//mergeLevels 1;
}
p_rghFinal
{
$p_rgh;
relTol 0;
}
"pcorr.*"
{
$p_rghFinal;
tolerance 1e-04;
}
U
{
solver smoothSolver;
smoother GaussSeidel;
tolerance 1e-07; // Doesn't do anything with momentumPredictor=no
relTol 1e-03; // Doesn't do anything with momentumPredictor=no
nSweeps 1;
}
UFinal
{
$U;
relTol 0;
}
"(k|B|nuTilda)"
{
solver smoothSolver;
smoother symGaussSeidel;
tolerance 1e-08;
relTol 0;
}
}
PIMPLE
{
momentumPredictor no;
nOuterCorrectors 200;
nCorrectors 3;
nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;
pRefPoint (0 0 0);
pRefValue 0;
residualControl
{
U
{
tolerance 1e-06;
relTol 0;
}
p_rgh
{
tolerance 1e-07;
relTol 0;
}
}
}
relaxationFactors {
fields
{
p_rgh 0.3;
p_rghFinal 1;
}
equations
{
"alpha.*|U|k|epsilon" 0.3;
"(alpha.*|U|k|epsilon)Final" 1;
}
}
// ************************************************************************* //
Code:
/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
| ========= | |
| \\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox |
| \\ / O peration | Version: 4.0 |
| \\ / A nd | Web: www.OpenFOAM.org |
| \\/ M anipulation | |
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class dictionary;
location "system";
object fvSchemes;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
ddtSchemes
{
default Euler;
}
gradSchemes
{
default Gauss linear;
}
divSchemes
{
div(rhoPhi,U) Gauss upwind;
div(phi,alpha) Gauss vanLeer;
div(phirb,alpha) Gauss linear;
// div((muEff*dev(T(grad(U))))) Gauss linear;
div(((rho*nuEff)*dev2(T(grad(U))))) Gauss linear;
}
laplacianSchemes
{
default Gauss linear corrected;
}
interpolationSchemes
{
default linear;
}
snGradSchemes
{
default corrected;
}
wallDist
{
method meshWave;
}
// ************************************************************************* //
Thanks in advance. |
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February 14, 2017, 11:11
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#2 |
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Senior Member
Alexey Matveichev
Join Date: Aug 2011
Location: Nancy, France
Posts: 1,930
Rep Power: 38  |
Hi,
Couple of questions: 1. Do you really need this tight convergence criterion? I.e. 1e-7 is surely nice, yet, not quite sure your will find MUCH difference with 1e-4. 2. Using under-relaxation allows you to get "faster" convergence but on final iteration there will be no relaxation and your initial residual become much larger, than your convergence criterion. You can also use under-relaxation factor 0, so you always be using old converged field and number of iterations will be dramatically reduced. 3. Finally Code:
Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -0.0007774 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0002 |
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February 14, 2017, 12:16
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#3 |
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Senior Member
Uwe Pilz
Join Date: Feb 2017
Location: Leipzig, Germany
Posts: 744
Rep Power: 15 |
Dear Kevin,
the number of outer correctors and therewith the calculation time should be controled with the residuals. Please try first to let nOuterCorrectors to a high value and limit it by let's say Code:
residualControl
{
U
{
tolerance 1e-03;
relTol 0;
}
p_rgh
{
tolerance 1e-03;
relTol 0;
}
}
__________________
Uwe Pilz -- Die der Hauptbewegung überlagerte Schwankungsbewegung ist in ihren Einzelheiten so hoffnungslos kompliziert, daß ihre theoretische Berechnung aussichtslos erscheint. (Hermann Schlichting, 1950) |
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February 15, 2017, 04:04
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#4 | ||||
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Senior Member
Kevin van As
Join Date: Sep 2014
Location: TU Delft, The Netherlands
Posts: 252
Rep Power: 20 |
Thank you for your replies.
Quote:
I'll compare with 1e-4. Quote:
I understand that using a value 0 implies using the old converged fields. I reckon it will result in small residuals simply because the solution is not changing. However, I don't see how this can be a good thing? I reckon it will result in the first N-1 outer iterations doing nothing, and the final iteration (without under-relaxation) doing all the work == PISO. Quote:
 field is behaving appropriately when I used only one outer iteration (i.e. PISO).Furthermore, using settings for which the PIMPLE loop does converge, remains inside its [0,1] bounds.Just for reference, the BCs are: : Bottom/Side (wall): zeroGradient Top (atmosphere): inletOutlet; value 1 = air;  : Bottom/Side (wall): zero velocity (uniformFixedValue (0 0 0)) Top (atmosphere): pressureInletOutletVelocity  :Bottom/Side (wall): zero gradient (fixedFluxPressure 0) Top (atmosphere): totalPressure Quote:
The problem in the above log-file was that after 200 iterations the solution did not drop below 1e-2 yet, meaning setting it to 1e-3 wouldn't change anything either. Or do you mean setting it to yet much higher than 200, hoping that in later timesteps the solution does converge much faster? ------------------ By chance, a simulation of last night did converge in 100 iterations (to 1e-7) [it reached 1e-4 after about 35 iterations]. The only difference with the simulation of above log-file is that I reduced under-relaxation of p_rgh from 0.3 to 0.1. Therefore, I'm inclined to conclude that the value 0.3 was highly unfortunate, causing the solution to basically overshoot the solution harmonically, resulting in no convergence. I'll play around with a weaker convergence criterion and lower under-relaxation factors. |
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February 20, 2017, 06:58
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#5 |
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Member
Ricky
Join Date: Jul 2014
Location: Germany
Posts: 78
Rep Power: 11 |
Hello FOAMers,
I am also trying to do the same. In my case I have added TEqn (with extra source terms) in interFoam. All I wanted to do at first was to use Pimple loop with max Co. 3 (with adjustable time steps), however the solver crashes (especially alpha) and when I run the case with lower time steps (and by not using adjustable time steps) the solver runs fine and pimple loop converges with few iterations. Boundary Conditions: Code:
FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class volScalarField;
location "0";
object alpha.metal;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
dimensions [0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
internalField uniform 0;
boundaryField
{
upperWall
{
type zeroGradient;
}
leftWall
{
type constantAlphaContactAngle;
theta0 90;
limit gradient;
value uniform 0;
}
rightWall
{
type constantAlphaContactAngle;
theta0 90;
limit gradient;
value uniform 0;
}
lowerWall
{
type zeroGradient;
}
frontAndBack
{
type empty;
}
}
Code:
FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class dictionary;
location "system";
object fvSchemes;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
ddtSchemes
{
default Euler;
}
gradSchemes
{
default Gauss linear;
}
divSchemes
{
default Gauss upwind;
div(phi,alpha) Gauss vanLeer;
div(phirb,alpha) Gauss linear;
div(rhoPhi,U) Gauss limitedLinearV 1;
div(phi,thermo:rho.metal) Gauss upwind;
div(phi,thermo:rho.air) Gauss upwind;
div(rhoPhi,T) Gauss limitedLinear01 1;
div(rhoPhi,K) Gauss upwind;
div(phi,p) Gauss upwind;
div(phi,k) Gauss upwind;
div((muEff*dev(T(grad(U))))) Gauss linear;
}
laplacianSchemes
{
default Gauss linear uncorrected;
}
interpolationSchemes
{
default linear;
}
snGradSchemes
{
default uncorrected;
}
fluxRequired
{
default no;
p_rgh;
pcorr;
}
Code:
FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class dictionary;
location "system";
object fvSolution;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
solvers
{
alpha.metal
{
nAlphaCorr 1;
nAlphaSubCycles 1;
cAlpha 1;
}
".*(rho|rhoFinal)"
{
solver diagonal;
}
pcorr
{
solver PCG;
preconditioner
{
preconditioner GAMG;
tolerance 1e-05;
relTol 0;
smoother DICGaussSeidel;
nPreSweeps 0;
nPostSweeps 2;
nFinestSweeps 2;
cacheAgglomeration true;
nCellsInCoarsestLevel 10;
agglomerator faceAreaPair;
mergeLevels 1;
}
tolerance 1e-05;
relTol 0;
maxIter 100;
}
p_rgh
{
solver GAMG;
tolerance 1e-07;
relTol 0.01;
smoother DIC;
nPreSweeps 0;
nPostSweeps 2;
nFinestSweeps 2;
cacheAgglomeration true;
nCellsInCoarsestLevel 10;
agglomerator faceAreaPair;
mergeLevels 1;
}
p_rghFinal
{
solver PCG;
preconditioner
{
preconditioner GAMG;
tolerance 1e-07;
relTol 0;
nVcycles 2;
smoother DICGaussSeidel;
nPreSweeps 2;
nPostSweeps 2;
nFinestSweeps 2;
cacheAgglomeration true;
nCellsInCoarsestLevel 10;
agglomerator faceAreaPair;
mergeLevels 1;
}
tolerance 1e-07;
relTol 0;
maxIter 20;
}
"(U|T).*"
{
solver PBiCG;
preconditioner DILU;
tolerance 1e-6;
relTol 0.1;
}
/*
U
{
solver smoothSolver;
smoother GaussSeidel;
tolerance 1e-06;
relTol 0;
nSweeps 1;
}
"(T|k|B|nuTilda).*"
{
solver smoothSolver;
smoother symGaussSeidel;
tolerance 1e-7;
relTol 0;
}*/
}
PIMPLE
{
momentumPredictor no;
transonic no;
nOuterCorrectors 15;
nCorrectors 2;
nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;
pRefCell 0;
pRefValue 0.0;
residualControl
{
U
{
tolerance 1e-5;
relTol 0;
}
T
{
tolerance 1e-5;
relTol 0;
}
p_rgh
{
tolerance 1e-3;
relTol 0;
}
}
relaxationFactors
{
fields
{
p_rgh 0.3;
p_rghFinal 1;
}
equations
{
U 0.7;
T 0.7;
"alpha.*" 0.7;
"(U|T|alpha.*)Final" 1;
}
}
}
Code:
Create time
Create mesh for time = 0
PIMPLE: max iterations = 15
field U : relTol 0, tolerance 1e-05
field T : relTol 0, tolerance 1e-05
field p_rgh : relTol 0, tolerance 0.001
Reading field p_rgh
Reading field U
Reading/calculating face flux field phi
Reading transportProperties
Selecting incompressible transport model Newtonian
Selecting incompressible transport model Newtonian
Reading marangoniTerms
Reading marangoniTerms
Selecting turbulence model type laminar
Reading g
Calculating field g.h
No finite volume options present
time step continuity errors : sum local = 0, global = 0, cumulative = 0
GAMGPCG: Solving for pcorr, Initial residual = 0, Final residual = 0, No Iterations 0
time step continuity errors : sum local = 0, global = 0, cumulative = 0
Courant Number mean: 0 max: 0
Starting time loop
Courant Number mean: 0 max: 0
Interface Courant Number mean: 0 max: 0
deltaT = 0.00011999
Time = 0.00011999
PIMPLE: iteration 1
MULES: Solving for alpha.metal
Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.806452 Min(alpha1) = 0 Max(alpha1) = 1
DILUPBiCG: Solving for T, Initial residual = 1.52944e-05, Final residual = 2.09562e-05, No Iterations 5
gammaSolve CONVERGED in 5 Iterations
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.999992, Final residual = 0.000911696, No Iterations 1
time step continuity errors : sum local = 0.18636, global = 1.9992e-16, cumulative = 1.9992e-16
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.988129, Final residual = 0.00692632, No Iterations 5
time step continuity errors : sum local = 0.00188921, global = 1.24894e-19, cumulative = 2.00045e-16
PIMPLE: iteration 2
MULES: Solving for alpha.metal
Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.806452 Min(alpha1) = 0 Max(alpha1) = 1.27482
DILUPBiCG: Solving for T, Initial residual = 0.15788, Final residual = 1.9161e-08, No Iterations 34
gammaSolve CONVERGED in 34 Iterations
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.929794, Final residual = 0.00366765, No Iterations 4
time step continuity errors : sum local = 0.000312566, global = -1.61339e-19, cumulative = 1.99884e-16
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.252356, Final residual = 0.00113828, No Iterations 4
time step continuity errors : sum local = 9.30599e-06, global = -3.37308e-21, cumulative = 1.9988e-16
PIMPLE: iteration 3
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PIMPLE: iteration 15
MULES: Solving for alpha.metal
Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.806452 Min(alpha1) = -0.000200768 Max(alpha1) = 1.00016
DILUPBiCG: Solving for T, Initial residual = 0.00123988, Final residual = 8.26378e-10, No Iterations 9
gammaSolve CONVERGED in 7 Iterations
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.9994, Final residual = 0.0015772, No Iterations 1
time step continuity errors : sum local = 8.64201e-06, global = -3.84479e-22, cumulative = 1.99884e-16
GAMGPCG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00329089, Final residual = 1.93664e-08, No Iterations 5
time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.1703e-10, global = -9.98082e-23, cumulative = 1.99884e-16
PIMPLE: not converged within 15 iterations
ExecutionTime = 0.76 s ClockTime = 1 s
Courant Number mean: 8.62149e-05 max: 0.019126
Interface Courant Number mean: 4.02458e-06 max: 0.019126
deltaT = 0.000143971
Time = 0.000263962
PIMPLE: iteration 1
MULES: Solving for alpha.metal
Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.806452 Min(alpha1) = -2.26313e-06 Max(alpha1) = 1
DILUPBiCG: Solving for T, Initial residual = 0.00384329, Final residual = 1.12649e-05, No Iterations 8
gammaSolve CONVERGED in 6 Iterations
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.996876, Final residual = 0.00150053, No Iterations 1
time step continuity errors : sum local = 3.7005e-06, global = -1.47312e-22, cumulative = 1.99884e-16
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00505313, Final residual = 4.2576e-05, No Iterations 4
time step continuity errors : sum local = 7.26956e-08, global = -1.37257e-22, cumulative = 1.99884e-16
PIMPLE: iteration 2
MULES: Solving for alpha.metal
Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.806452 Min(alpha1) = -4.47203e-05 Max(alpha1) = 1.00002
DILUPBiCG: Solving for T, Initial residual = 0.000983497, Final residual = 6.52094e-07, No Iterations 4
gammaSolve CONVERGED in 4 Iterations
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.995449, Final residual = 0.00143503, No Iterations 1
time step continuity errors : sum local = 6.01372e-06, global = 1.44792e-21, cumulative = 1.99886e-16
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00266226, Final residual = 9.27126e-06, No Iterations 5
time step continuity errors : sum local = 5.09921e-08, global = 7.36318e-22, cumulative = 1.99886e-16
PIMPLE: iteration 3
MULES: Solving for alpha.metal
Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.806452 Min(alpha1) = -1.09703e-06 Max(alpha1) = 1
DILUPBiCG: Solving for T, Initial residual = 0.00163286, Final residual = 9.46957e-07, No Iterations 10
gammaSolve CONVERGED in 7 Iterations
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.994572, Final residual = 0.00119417, No Iterations 1
time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.42903e-06, global = -1.74449e-23, cumulative = 1.99886e-16
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00406946, Final residual = 3.92242e-05, No Iterations 3
time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.86995e-07, global = 3.13402e-22, cumulative = 1.99887e-16
PIMPLE: iteration 4
MULES: Solving for alpha.metal
Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.806452 Min(alpha1) = -0.000587911 Max(alpha1) = 1.00047
DILUPBiCG: Solving for T, Initial residual = 0.00277735, Final residual = 1.20527e-06, No Iterations 9
gammaSolve CONVERGED in 6 Iterations
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.999226, Final residual = 0.00163561, No Iterations 1
time step continuity errors : sum local = 2.22823e-05, global = 4.45425e-21, cumulative = 1.99891e-16
GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00309879, Final residual = 1.62382e-05, No Iterations 5
time step continuity errors : sum local = 2.81532e-07, global = 1.87072e-21, cumulative = 1.99893e-16
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PIMPLE: iteration 12
MULES: Solving for alpha.metal
Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.806452 Min(alpha1) = -0.120187 Max(alpha1) = 1.03931
DILUPBiCG: Solving for T, Initial residual = 0.0530859, Final residual = 2.93419e-07, No Iterations 15
gammaSolve CONVERGED in 15 Iterations
#0 Foam::error::printStack(Foam::Ostream&) at ??:?
#1 Foam::sigFpe::sigHandler(int) at ??:?
#2 in "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6"
#3 double Foam::sumProd<double>(Foam::UList<double> const&, Foam::UList<double> const&) at ??:?
#4 Foam::PCG::solve(Foam::Field<double>&, Foam::Field<double> const&, unsigned char) const at ??:?
#5 Foam::GAMGSolver::solveCoarsestLevel(Foam::Field<double>&, Foam::Field<double> const&) const at ??:?
#6 Foam::GAMGSolver::Vcycle(Foam::PtrList<Foam::lduMatrix::smoother> const&, Foam::Field<double>&, Foam::Field<double> const&, Foam::Field<double>&, Foam::Field<double>&, Foam::Field<double>&, Foam::Field<double>&, Foam::Field<double>&, Foam::PtrList<Foam::Field<double> >&, Foam::PtrList<Foam::Field<double> >&, unsigned char) const at ??:?
#7 Foam::GAMGSolver::solve(Foam::Field<double>&, Foam::Field<double> const&, unsigned char) const at ??:?
#8 Foam::fvMatrix<double>::solveSegregated(Foam::dictionary const&) at ??:?
#9 Foam::fvMatrix<double>::solve(Foam::dictionary const&) at ??:?
#10
at ??:?
#11 __libc_start_main in "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6"
#12
at ??:?
Floating point exception (core dumped)
Thanks in advance. Regards, Ricky
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If it is easy, then something is fishy! Last edited by kera; February 20, 2017 at 08:32. |
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February 20, 2017, 07:34
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#6 |
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Senior Member
Kevin van As
Join Date: Sep 2014
Location: TU Delft, The Netherlands
Posts: 252
Rep Power: 20 |
Euh? You are using a bigger maxCo than me (= more unstable), but far less iterations. I was using 200 PIMPLE loops, and even then it wouldn't converge. So obviously it is not going to converge for you.
For instance, your initial residual for p_rgh is 0.999 in your final iteration... If it were any higher, the simulation would blow up instantly, therefore it blows up in due time. |
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February 20, 2017, 08:11
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#7 | |
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Member
Ricky
Join Date: Jul 2014
Location: Germany
Posts: 78
Rep Power: 11 |
Quote:
yeah I know the example I shared with you guys was the extreme condition of the case I was trying. I initially started without adjustable time steps and using very small delta_T. I observed that it didn't required too many PIMPLE loops as PIMPLE converges within 10 iterations. so I maxed my PIMPLE Iteration value to 15. Then I started playing around with Co. and max Co. 3 was the extreme I was using. However the solver crashes even setting Co. to 1 (i.e., with adjustable time steps). Later I tried to just increase the time step from 1e-5 to 5e-5 (without adjustable) it still crashed. It seem that for some reason the solver responds well only to time step 1e-5 or lower. So I was wondering, what I was doing wrong and hence shared my simulation settings here,so that maybe someone with experience may figure out the silly things/mistakes I might be probably doing, as I am kinda new to OpenFOAM. Thanks in advance. Regards, Ricky
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If it is easy, then something is fishy! |
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February 22, 2017, 12:05
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#8 |
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Senior Member
Kevin van As
Join Date: Sep 2014
Location: TU Delft, The Netherlands
Posts: 252
Rep Power: 20 |
Regarding my matter, I have played around some more.
residualControl 1e-4: As was to be expected, using a lower convergence criterion may result in the PIMPLE loop to be truncated. For instance, using 2x200 iterations (inner x outer), it would truncate after 40-60 PIMPLE loops; using 3x200 iterations, it would truncate after 15 PIMPLE loops. Both cases use 1e-4 for both velocity and pressure, with a relTol of 1e-2. However, sometimes the loop would randomly not converge, and use the maximum of 200 iterations. For example: Code:
Courant Number mean: 5.78162e-06 max: 0.0502205 Interface Courant Number mean: 1.85919e-06 max: 0.0278548 deltaT = 3.53748e-06 Time = 1.53653e-05 PIMPLE: iteration 1 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.000138561, Final residual = 2.42003e-08, No Iterations 1 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -3.99334e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0022 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -3.99334e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0022 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00997852, Final residual = 7.87455e-05, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 6.0439e-09, global = -5.59866e-12, cumulative = 5.95127e-09 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00698256, Final residual = 5.85491e-05, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.49712e-09, global = -5.51211e-12, cumulative = 5.94575e-09 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0069824, Final residual = 5.78619e-05, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.44434e-09, global = -5.48796e-12, cumulative = 5.94027e-09 PIMPLE: iteration 2 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.000121902, Final residual = 1.6192e-08, No Iterations 1 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -3.99282e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0022 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -3.99282e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0022 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00811384, Final residual = 6.74661e-05, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 5.17509e-09, global = -6.19006e-12, cumulative = 5.93408e-09 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00567394, Final residual = 5.06996e-05, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 3.89126e-09, global = -6.66072e-12, cumulative = 5.92742e-09 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0056749, Final residual = 5.00646e-05, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 3.84252e-09, global = -6.78585e-12, cumulative = 5.92063e-09 (...) PIMPLE: iteration 13 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.000127866, Final residual = 1.74908e-08, No Iterations 1 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -3.99321e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0022 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -3.99321e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0022 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.000100243, Final residual = 2.09242e-06, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.60489e-10, global = 5.21436e-12, cumulative = 5.867e-09 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 7.03431e-05, Final residual = 7.03431e-05, No Iterations 0 time step continuity errors : sum local = 5.39538e-09, global = 4.82634e-12, cumulative = 5.87182e-09 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 9.12762e-05, Final residual = 9.12762e-05, No Iterations 0 time step continuity errors : sum local = 7.00093e-09, global = 4.70905e-12, cumulative = 5.87653e-09 PIMPLE: iteration 14 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.000127844, Final residual = 1.74961e-08, No Iterations 1 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -3.99317e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0022 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -3.99317e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0022 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00833255, Final residual = 7.07639e-05, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 7.73113e-09, global = 3.59177e-12, cumulative = 5.88012e-09 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 9.76716e-05, Final residual = 9.76716e-05, No Iterations 0 time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.06395e-08, global = 3.58804e-12, cumulative = 5.88371e-09 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 9.81798e-05, Final residual = 9.81798e-05, No Iterations 0 time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.06949e-08, global = 3.58802e-12, cumulative = 5.8873e-09 PIMPLE: converged in 14 iterations ExecutionTime = 4910.01 s ClockTime = 4924 s (...) somewhat later (...) Courant Number mean: 0.000306073 max: 0.714215 Interface Courant Number mean: 9.84419e-05 max: 0.569494 deltaT = 5.05051e-05 Time = 0.00059596 PIMPLE: iteration 1 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.0074356, Final residual = 3.97399e-06, No Iterations 2 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998806 Min(alpha.water) = -1.23599e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00207 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998806 Min(alpha.water) = -4.58158e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00207 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.129127, Final residual = 0.000212159, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.67654e-07, global = 7.36887e-09, cumulative = -4.99229e-06 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0877543, Final residual = 0.000138468, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 3.02863e-07, global = 9.61841e-09, cumulative = -4.98267e-06 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0875758, Final residual = 0.000137868, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 3.0156e-07, global = 8.63233e-09, cumulative = -4.97404e-06 PIMPLE: iteration 2 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.00613058, Final residual = 1.74863e-05, No Iterations 1 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -1.26977e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00212 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -6.83868e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00212 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0505464, Final residual = 6.68601e-05, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 2.59894e-07, global = 3.34174e-09, cumulative = -4.9707e-06 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.034465, Final residual = 4.85242e-05, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.8928e-07, global = 3.36974e-09, cumulative = -4.96733e-06 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0345989, Final residual = 4.83563e-05, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.88649e-07, global = 3.38312e-09, cumulative = -4.96395e-06 (...) PIMPLE: iteration 198 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.0113192, Final residual = 6.24306e-05, No Iterations 1 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -1.2685e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00215 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998807 Min(alpha.water) = -4.9255e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00215 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.148674, Final residual = 0.000165971, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 5.6664e-07, global = -8.35275e-09, cumulative = -1.04967e-05 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.102286, Final residual = 0.000144952, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.96449e-07, global = -8.45179e-09, cumulative = -1.05052e-05 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.102577, Final residual = 0.000146689, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 5.02406e-07, global = -8.48205e-09, cumulative = -1.05136e-05 PIMPLE: iteration 199 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.014228, Final residual = 2.09971e-05, No Iterations 2 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998806 Min(alpha.water) = -8.81257e-06 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00188 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998806 Min(alpha.water) = -0.000130558 Max(alpha.water) = 1.00188 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.151508, Final residual = 0.000260614, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 4.66009e-07, global = -6.80941e-09, cumulative = -1.05205e-05 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.098692, Final residual = 0.000171859, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 3.03629e-07, global = -6.87803e-09, cumulative = -1.05273e-05 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.0956707, Final residual = 0.000926545, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 1.63263e-06, global = -6.69686e-09, cumulative = -1.0534e-05 PIMPLE: iteration 200 smoothSolver: Solving for alpha.water, Initial residual = 0.011516, Final residual = 6.20229e-05, No Iterations 1 Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998806 Min(alpha.water) = -1.2695e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0024 MULES: Correcting alpha.water MULES: Correcting alpha.water Phase-1 volume fraction = 0.998806 Min(alpha.water) = -5.29868e-05 Max(alpha.water) = 1.0024 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.142777, Final residual = 0.000140118, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 6.68283e-07, global = -8.67101e-09, cumulative = -1.05427e-05 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00973426, Final residual = 7.50726e-05, No Iterations 2 time step continuity errors : sum local = 3.65385e-07, global = -8.56944e-09, cumulative = -1.05513e-05 GAMG: Solving for p_rgh, Initial residual = 0.00190305, Final residual = 6.0703e-05, No Iterations 1 time step continuity errors : sum local = 2.94961e-07, global = -8.5669e-09, cumulative = -1.05598e-05 PIMPLE: not converged within 200 iterations ExecutionTime = 12492.6 s ClockTime = 12544 s Given the number of iterations per pressure iteration (0~3), the trouble is not satisfying the pressure equation, but the combined Navier-Stokes equations (right?). In fact, it appeared to converge in the first few PIMPLE loops, but at some point during the PIMPLE iteration process the residuals increase again. Question 1: Is it a good thing that p_rgh converges within only 0~3 iterations, or is it to be expected that more work should be done within one iteration? Question 2: In the final PIMPLE iterations, no under-relaxation is used. It is then observed that the residuals do decrease rapidly. Does this imply convergence, despite PIMPLE having wasted 199 iterations doing virtually nothing? This is effectively like PISO, isn't it? under-relaxation: Using the much stricted residualControl of 1e-7, I had found that using an under-relaxation factor (urf) of 0.3 for p_rgh resulted in successive iterations doing approximately nothing. Reducing the urf to 0.1, resulted in converge after 130 iterations at first, 180 later, and no convergence (within 200 PIMPLE loops) at later timesteps. An urf of 0.01 is prohibitively low, resulting in effectively no convergence (i.e., too slow for 200 PIMPLE loops). So the situation is similar to above log snippet. momentum predictor: Doesn't appear to do anything (w.r.t. convergence rate). -------- My net conclusion so far is that using maxCo=0.5 instead of maxCo=2 results in a considerably faster simulation. Perhaps it is just my case..., but I seem unable to get PIMPLE to be advantageous. Question 3: Any further suggestions? Thanks in advance. |
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February 22, 2017, 14:17
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#9 |
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Senior Member
Uwe Pilz
Join Date: Feb 2017
Location: Leipzig, Germany
Posts: 744
Rep Power: 15 |
I had a problem which may be similar. Te simulation crashes even with maxCo way below 1.
The reason for me was a (for the problem) too high value of delta T which induces instabilities during the first steps. The ode crashes much later however. If your simulations runs for a longer time, say for several minutes, it is nearly impossible to choose a delta T too low. The value rises to normal value fast.
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Uwe Pilz -- Die der Hauptbewegung überlagerte Schwankungsbewegung ist in ihren Einzelheiten so hoffnungslos kompliziert, daß ihre theoretische Berechnung aussichtslos erscheint. (Hermann Schlichting, 1950) |
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January 18, 2018, 15:38
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#10 |
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Member
Ali Noaman Ibrahim
Join Date: Sep 2015
Location: US_Chicago
Posts: 97
Rep Power: 10 |
Dear All:-
I could not find any available online materials show any simple example explains with numbers how to use PIMPLE, SIMPLE, ... Do you know any ? Thanks! |
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January 19, 2018, 00:06
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#11 |
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Senior Member
Uwe Pilz
Join Date: Feb 2017
Location: Leipzig, Germany
Posts: 744
Rep Power: 15 |
You find material in
tutorials - incompressible - pimpleFoam/simpleFoam
__________________
Uwe Pilz -- Die der Hauptbewegung überlagerte Schwankungsbewegung ist in ihren Einzelheiten so hoffnungslos kompliziert, daß ihre theoretische Berechnung aussichtslos erscheint. (Hermann Schlichting, 1950) |
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January 19, 2018, 07:21
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#12 |
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Member
Ali Noaman Ibrahim
Join Date: Sep 2015
Location: US_Chicago
Posts: 97
Rep Power: 10 |
Thanks for replying....
What I meant is a problem explained step by step from scratch. For example:- 2D flow in a duct begins from meshing then finding pressure , velocity... etc such that it would clearly describe how to use ( PIMPLE, SIMPLE, ...) |
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January 19, 2018, 07:59
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How to use PIMPLE properly?
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#14 |
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Member
Ali Noaman Ibrahim
Join Date: Sep 2015
Location: US_Chicago
Posts: 97
Rep Power: 10 |
Hello Kera
Sure ... I did ( I have it since Tobi uploaded it  ). But, the example with numbers would make it 100% clear such that when you modify a solver ( for e.g.), you are knowing what you are doing. That is why, I tried to include a liking for that in this post. Regards |
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June 25, 2018, 12:31
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#15 | |
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Member
Join Date: Jul 2010
Posts: 52
Rep Power: 15 |
Hi,
It is an old post, but I am experiencing the same issues that Kevin mentioned on post #1 and #8 when using pimple. 1 ) Does anyone know why the initial residuals (and sometimes the final residuals too) for p_rgh barely improve for the successive iterations (nCorrectors)? Quote:
I already checked my mesh and boundary conditions, I have also tried modifying the residualControl values and the relaxationFactors. And the Courant number is only 0.5! Any advise? Thanks! |
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July 11, 2018, 12:20
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#16 |
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New Member
Iman Sabahi
Join Date: May 2018
Posts: 17
Rep Power: 7 |
I really like this thread and I'm facing the same problem. Could someone with more experience enlighten us on how to use pimpleFoam the best way?
I personally have a theory tho, which might be wrong but i concluded it from my understanding: In some simpler cases the BEST and fastest outer loops number is 1, what i mean is that the fastest algorithm is PISO and outer loop calculations in PIMPLE only slow down the problem. Could this be true? Or there always is an optimum PIMPLE setup which is faster or the same speed as PISO? |
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July 13, 2018, 12:10
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PISO versus PIMPLE
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#17 |
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Senior Member
Daniel Witte
Join Date: Nov 2011
Posts: 148
Rep Power: 14 |
Hello,
Since you asked: PISO: does repeat the prghEq loop. At the end of that inner prgh - loop, the velocity field is updated. But this has no impact if you just repeat the PISO loop (U is not used in prghEq). This is why in converges fast since it basically nothing is done. You achieve the same result by specifying a sufficient number of non orthogonal corrections. PIMPLE: solves alphaEqn and sets up UEqn. So, w.o. PIMPLE, you do not solve your mass balance and the offdiagonal contribution of the momentum equation is not updated either. To improve the PISO situation, I have pulled UEqn into the PISO loop. This allows to PISO to be of some use. It did not help the solver to converge faster though. All equations are solved at least each time step. So, if you are looking for a non transient solution you are ok anyway. If not, you need PIMPLE. Trouble is: OF does not plot out anywhere the error of the momentum equation. But you can plot out that error with some small customized coding. Otherwise you get Coloured Fluid Dynamics. Regards, Daniel |
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December 4, 2018, 14:38
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OpenFOAM tutorials
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#18 |
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New Member
Join Date: Aug 2018
Posts: 9
Rep Power: 7 |
Hi,
Given that PIMPLE should be used with residualControl, it must be true that many of the tutorials in OpenFOAM are outdated. Am I right to think that? Thanks. -Mimi |
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December 17, 2018, 13:17
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#19 | |
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New Member
Joaquín Aranciaga
Join Date: Oct 2018
Posts: 21
Rep Power: 7 |
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December 17, 2018, 15:16
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#20 | |
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Senior Member
Santiago Lopez Castano
Join Date: Nov 2012
Posts: 354
Rep Power: 15 |
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