Viewed the items on impingement modeling (PHOENICS users' forum, cfd-online). Will someone initiate discussion on: (1)flow separation leading to stagnancy zone - Falkner's proposition ? (2)loss of eddies - hence energies (3)validity of turbulence models particularly k-epsilon model in such region : for heat transfer - what special wall treatment then ? especially if it is a low Pr fluid ?

I think K-E model sufer in the impinging zone because the velocity droop to zero and start to build again after impinging on the plate.