Liquid Jet into Supersonic Flow

Alex

Hi all,

I am trying to simulate a water jet into a supersonic flow (M ~ 3) and not having tons of luck. I am trying simulate an experiment by Baranovsky & Schetz (AIAA-50798-133) which measures the penetration of the liquid into the supersonic flow. If this experiment is reproducible, I would ultimately like use this method on a more complex geometry.

I have the steady state Mach 3 case converged for a square 23 cm wind tunnel that is ~ 1 m long (I have the inlet upstream a bit but am not too concerned with proper tunnel bl growth). Whenever I add the liquid jet, the simulation crashes after 2-4 outer time steps (not inner steps). I have tried many configurations, but I believe the following is really what I would like to use:

Air Ideal Gas - Continuous Fluid Liquid Water - Dispersed Fluid (Droplet size ~ 0.001 m - Not too sure about this)

Buoyancy, Particle Model for Interphase Transfer, and Surface Tension added to allow use of the Grace Drag Model.

Heat Transfer - Total Energy

Standard Free Surface Model. (Not sure about this one either.)

Homogeneous Scalable K-eps turbulence model.

I have tried many permutations of the models above with various timesteps (from 1e-4 to 1e-7) without any progress.

Next, I was going to remake a coarser and a finer mesh and test those out as well, but I wanted a sanity check to see if what I'm trying makes sense. Or perhaps try a slip wall simulation for the tunnel walls in case the boundary layer recirculation is the culprit? Any help or comments are appreciated.

Thanks

-Alex