[wenfengxie]

I am simulating a valve problem using rke turbulence model. Inlet velocity is 17m/s and diameter is 0.054m while outlet diameter is 0.043m. The Re number is calculated based on inlet condition which is about 90,0000. The velocity BC is imposed on inlet with 5% turbulence intensity and hydralic diameter. Pressure BC is imposed on outlet with 5% turbulence intensity.

The solution is converged to 1.e-6 (residual) and I also monitor a pressure at a selected location which converges too. The inlet turbulence kinetic energy (area-weighted average) reported by Fluent is 1.12m2/s2 from which I compute turbulence intensity of around 5%. However, the area-weighted average of inlet turbulence intensity reported by Fluent is 83% at inlet and even higher at outlet which I assume is unphysical. Some posts in this forum suggested to check the reference value for turbulence intensity computation, what does that mean and where to check the reference value?

Thanks!