[ZhengmingW]

Hello experts,

I'm simulating a wire DED model in Flow3D and have a problem with the wetability of the liquid on the substrate. Initially, my bead had a flat top surface with the material properties in Flow3D database. After that, I tried to activate the surface tension model and tested different contact angles (0-120 degrees). Then, the top surface changed to a convex surface. However, those simulations with different contact angles (0-120 degrees) showed almost the same bead shape.

I found two parameters 'Contact Angle' and 'Contact Angle to Solid Phase' under Material>Surface Tension category in Flow3D Weld, but I don't know which one is the contact angle (theta_c) in the normal wetting case on a flat substrate. Could you give me a example about those two parameters?

My Flow3D version is 12.0.

Appreciate any information you can provide. Thank you in advance!