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September 13, 2017, 00:59 |
Adding layer 3d wing (y+=1)
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New Member
Join Date: May 2017
Location: Japan, Kitakyushu
Posts: 19
Rep Power: 8 |
Hello,
I want to create a mesh around a NACA wing in order to calculate aerodynamic coefficients. i want to perform a supersonic simulation (Mach 3), so I wanted to use k-omega SST turbulence model. I've heard that I need to have a y+=1 for this model. I've used a calculator to determine the thickness of the first layer and find 4,78.10^-7 m. I estimated the viscous layer using the formula delta/x=0,16/(Re^1/7) and found delta=0.0122. I tried to implement 35 layers with an expansion ration of 1.3 to have a total thickness equal to 0.0155. However no layer is created. 4.78.10^-7m seems to be really small, can the problem come from this value ? What have I done wrong ? Thank you for your help Code:
/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\ | ========= | | | \\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox | | \\ / O peration | Version: 4.1 | | \\ / A nd | Web: www.OpenFOAM.org | | \\/ M anipulation | | \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ FoamFile { version 2.0; format ascii; class dictionary; object blockMeshDict; } // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * // convertToMeters 1; xmin -15; xmax 15; ymin -10; ymax 10; zmin -5; zmax 5; deltax 0.2; deltay 0.2; deltaz 0.2; lx #calc "$xmax - $xmin"; ly #calc "$ymax - $ymin"; lz #calc "$zmax - $zmin"; xcells #calc "round($lx/$deltax)"; ycells #calc "round($ly/$deltay)"; zcells #calc "round($lz/$deltaz)"; vertices ( ($xmin $ymin $zmin) ($xmax $ymin $zmin) ($xmax $ymax $zmin) ($xmin $ymax $zmin) ($xmin $ymin $zmax) ($xmax $ymin $zmax) ($xmax $ymax $zmax) ($xmin $ymax $zmax) ); blocks ( hex (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7) ($xcells $ycells $zcells) simpleGrading (1 1 1) ); edges ( ); boundary ( box { type patch; faces ( (3 7 6 2) (1 5 4 0) (0 3 2 1) (4 5 6 7) ); } inlet { type patch; faces ( (0 4 7 3) ); } outlet { type patch; faces ( (2 6 5 1) ); } ); // ************************************************************************* // Code:
/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\ | ========= | | | \\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox | | \\ / O peration | Version: 4.1 | | \\ / A nd | Web: www.OpenFOAM.org | | \\/ M anipulation | | \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ FoamFile { version 2.0; format ascii; class dictionary; object snappyHexMeshDict; } // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * // // Which of the steps to run castellatedMesh true; snap true; addLayers true; // Geometry. Definition of all surfaces. All surfaces are of class // searchableSurface. // Surfaces are used // - to specify refinement for any mesh cell intersecting it // - to specify refinement for any mesh cell inside/outside/near // - to 'snap' the mesh boundary to the surface geometry { airfoil.stl { type triSurfaceMesh; name airfoil; } }; // Settings for the castellatedMesh generation. castellatedMeshControls { // Refinement parameters // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ // If local number of cells is >= maxLocalCells on any processor // switches from from refinement followed by balancing // (current method) to (weighted) balancing before refinement. maxLocalCells 100000; // Overall cell limit (approximately). Refinement will stop immediately // upon reaching this number so a refinement level might not complete. // Note that this is the number of cells before removing the part which // is not 'visible' from the keepPoint. The final number of cells might // actually be a lot less. maxGlobalCells 2000000; // The surface refinement loop might spend lots of iterations refining just a // few cells. This setting will cause refinement to stop if <= minimumRefine // are selected for refinement. Note: it will at least do one iteration // (unless the number of cells to refine is 0) minRefinementCells 0; // Number of buffer layers between different levels. // 1 means normal 2:1 refinement restriction, larger means slower // refinement. nCellsBetweenLevels 1; // Explicit feature edge refinement // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ // Specifies a level for any cell intersected by its edges. // This is a featureEdgeMesh, read from constant/triSurface for now. features ( { file "airfoil.eMesh"; level 5; } ); // Surface based refinement // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ // Specifies two levels for every surface. The first is the minimum level, // every cell intersecting a surface gets refined up to the minimum level. // The second level is the maximum level. Cells that 'see' multiple // intersections where the intersections make an // angle > resolveFeatureAngle get refined up to the maximum level. refinementSurfaces { airfoil { // Surface-wise min and max refinement level level (4 4); } } resolveFeatureAngle 30; // Region-wise refinement // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ // Specifies refinement level for cells in relation to a surface. One of // three modes // - distance. 'levels' specifies per distance to the surface the // wanted refinement level. The distances need to be specified in // descending order. // - inside. 'levels' is only one entry and only the level is used. All // cells inside the surface get refined up to the level. The surface // needs to be closed for this to be possible. // - outside. Same but cells outside. refinementRegions { } // Mesh selection // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ // After refinement patches get added for all refinementSurfaces and // all cells intersecting the surfaces get put into these patches. The // section reachable from the locationInMesh is kept. // NOTE: This point should never be on a face, always inside a cell, even // after refinement. // This is an outside point locationInMesh (-0.033 -0.033 0.0033); locationInMesh (-0.000001348 -0.001247 0); // Inside point // Whether any faceZones (as specified in the refinementSurfaces) // are only on the boundary of corresponding cellZones or also allow // free-standing zone faces. Not used if there are no faceZones. allowFreeStandingZoneFaces true; } // Settings for the snapping. snapControls { //- Number of patch smoothing iterations before finding correspondence // to surface nSmoothPatch 3; //- Relative distance for points to be attracted by surface feature point // or edge. True distance is this factor times local // maximum edge length. tolerance 1.0; //- Number of mesh displacement relaxation iterations. nSolveIter 300; //- Maximum number of snapping relaxation iterations. Should stop // before upon reaching a correct mesh. nRelaxIter 5; // Feature snapping //- Number of feature edge snapping iterations. // Leave out altogether to disable. nFeatureSnapIter 10; //- Detect (geometric) features by sampling the surface implicitFeatureSnap false; //- Use castellatedMeshControls::features explicitFeatureSnap true; //- Detect features between multiple surfaces // (only for explicitFeatureSnap, default = false) multiRegionFeatureSnap false; } // Settings for the layer addition. addLayersControls { // Are the thickness parameters below relative to the undistorted // size of the refined cell outside layer (true) or absolute sizes (false). relativeSizes false; // Per final patch (so not geometry!) the layer information layers { airfoil { nSurfaceLayers 35; } } // Expansion factor for layer mesh expansionRatio 1.3; firstLayerThickness 0.0000004785; // Minimum thickness of cell layer. If for any reason layer // cannot be above minThickness do not add layer. // See relativeSizes parameter. minThickness 0.0000004; // If points get not extruded do nGrow layers of connected faces that are // also not grown. This helps convergence of the layer addition process // close to features. nGrow 0; // Advanced settings // When not to extrude surface. 0 is flat surface, 90 is when two faces // are perpendicular featureAngle 90; // At non-patched sides allow mesh to slip if extrusion direction makes // angle larger than slipFeatureAngle. slipFeatureAngle 30; // Maximum number of snapping relaxation iterations. Should stop // before upon reaching a correct mesh. nRelaxIter 5; // Number of smoothing iterations of surface normals nSmoothSurfaceNormals 1; // Number of smoothing iterations of interior mesh movement direction nSmoothNormals 3; // Smooth layer thickness over surface patches nSmoothThickness 10; // Stop layer growth on highly warped cells maxFaceThicknessRatio 0.5; // Reduce layer growth where ratio thickness to medial // distance is large maxThicknessToMedialRatio 0.3; // Angle used to pick up medial axis points minMedianAxisAngle 90; // Create buffer region for new layer terminations nBufferCellsNoExtrude 0; // Overall max number of layer addition iterations. The mesher will exit // if it reaches this number of iterations; possibly with an illegal // mesh. nLayerIter 50; // Max number of iterations after which relaxed meshQuality controls // get used. Up to nRelaxIter it uses the settings in meshQualityControls, // after nRelaxIter it uses the values in meshQualityControls::relaxed. nRelaxedIter 20; } // Generic mesh quality settings. At any undoable phase these determine // where to undo. meshQualityControls { #include "meshQualityDict" // Optional : some meshing phases allow usage of relaxed rules. // See e.g. addLayersControls::nRelaxedIter. relaxed { //- Maximum non-orthogonality allowed. Set to 180 to disable. maxNonOrtho 75; } // Advanced //- Number of error distribution iterations nSmoothScale 4; //- Amount to scale back displacement at error points errorReduction 0.75; } // Advanced // Write flags writeFlags ( scalarLevels // write volScalarField with cellLevel for postprocessing layerSets // write cellSets, faceSets of faces in layer layerFields // write volScalarField for layer coverage ); // Merge tolerance. Is fraction of overall bounding box of initial mesh. // Note: the write tolerance needs to be higher than this. mergeTolerance 1E-6; // ************************************************************************* // Last edited by Dorian1504; September 14, 2017 at 00:18. |
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