[Roham..Seif]

Hi all,

I started from the tutorial of solidQuenching2D, changed the BCs to close the system, so maxY is not open anymore.
I need to have heat loss at the two walls of the system. I used externalWallHeatFluxTemperature as BC and gave attention to set solidTehrmo for kappa method in <solid region> and fluidThermo for kappaMethod in <fluids region>. Still get the following error. Thank you very much in advance.
OF version 2112
Geometry is the same as the tutorial file.
Solid 0/T:

PHP Code:

/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
| =========                 |                                                 |
| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2112                                 |
|   \\  /    A nd           | Website:  www.openfoam.com                      |
|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
FoamFile
{
    version     2.0;
    format      ascii;
    class       volScalarField;
    object      T;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

dimensions      [ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 ];

internalField   uniform 553.15;

boundaryField
{
    #includeEtc "caseDicts/setConstraintTypes"

  /*  maxY
    {
        type            zeroGradient;
    }
*/
    solid_to_water
    {
        type            compressible::turbulentTemperatureTwoPhaseRadCoupledMixed;
        value           uniform 553.15;
        Tnbr            T.liquid;
        kappaMethod     solidThermo;
        region          solid;
        // Name of the other phase in the flid region mixing with 'liquid' phase
        otherPhase      gas;
        qrNbr           none;
        qr              none;
    }
} 


liquid 0/T

PHP Code:

/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
| =========                 |                                                 |
| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2112                                 |
|   \\  /    A nd           | Website:  www.openfoam.com                      |
|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
FoamFile
{
    version     2.0;
    format      ascii;
    class       volScalarField;
    object      T.liquid;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

dimensions      [ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 ];

internalField   uniform 408.15;

boundaryField
{
    #includeEtc "caseDicts/setConstraintTypes"

/*    maxY
    {
        type            inletOutlet;
        value           uniform 373;
        inletValue      uniform 373;
    }
*/
    maxY
    {
      type            externalWallHeatFluxTemperature;
      mode            coefficient;        //'power', 'flux' or 'coefficient'
      Ta              constant 313.15;     //Required     for mode 'coefficient'
      h               constant 10.0;      //Required     for mode 'coefficient'
      thicknessLayers (0.01 0.02);        //Layer thicknesses [m]
      kappaLayers     (2.25 1.25);        //Layer thermal conductivities [W/m/K]
      kappaMethod     fluidThermo;
      value           $internalField;
    }

    maxX
    {
      type            zeroGradient;
      value           $internalField;
    }

    minY
    {
      type            externalWallHeatFluxTemperature;
      mode            coefficient;        //'power', 'flux' or 'coefficient'
      Ta              constant 313.15;     //Required     for mode 'coefficient'
      h               constant 10.0;      //Required     for mode 'coefficient'
      thicknessLayers (0.01 0.02);        //Layer thicknesses [m]
      kappaLayers     (2.25 1.25);        //Layer thermal conductivities [W/m/K]
      kappaMethod     fluidThermo;
      value           $internalField;
    }

    water_to_solid
    {
        type            compressible::turbulentTemperatureTwoPhaseRadCoupledMixed;
        value           uniform 553.15;
        Tnbr            T;
        kappaMethod     phaseSystem;
        region          fluid;
        // Name of the other phase in the fluid region mixing with this phase
        otherPhase      gas;
        qrNbr           none;
        qr              none;
    }
} 


gas 0/T

PHP Code:

/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
| =========                 |                                                 |
| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2112                                 |
|   \\  /    A nd           | Website:  www.openfoam.com                      |
|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
FoamFile
{
    version     2.0;
    format      ascii;
    class       volScalarField;
    object      T.gas;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

dimensions      [ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 ];

internalField   uniform 408.15;

boundaryField
{
    #includeEtc "caseDicts/setConstraintTypes"

/*    maxY
    {
        type            inletOutlet;
        value           uniform 373;
        inletValue      uniform 373;
    }
*/
    maxY
    {
      type            externalWallHeatFluxTemperature;
      mode            coefficient;        //'power', 'flux' or 'coefficient'
      Ta              constant 313.15;     //Required     for mode 'coefficient'
      h               constant 10.0;      //Required     for mode 'coefficient'
      thicknessLayers (0.01 0.02);        //Layer thicknesses [m]
      kappaLayers     (2.25 1.25);        //Layer thermal conductivities [W/m/K]
      kappaMethod     fluidThermo;
      value           $internalField;
    }

    maxX
    {
      type            zeroGradient;
      value           $internalField;
    }
    minY
    {
      type            externalWallHeatFluxTemperature;
      mode            coefficient;        //'power', 'flux' or 'coefficient'
      Ta              constant 313.15;     //Required     for mode 'coefficient'
      h               constant 10.0;      //Required     for mode 'coefficient'
      thicknessLayers (0.01 0.02);        //Layer thicknesses [m]
      kappaLayers     (2.25 1.25);        //Layer thermal conductivities [W/m/K]
      kappaMethod     fluidThermo;
      value           $internalField;
    }

    water_to_solid
    {
        type            copiedFixedValue;
        sourceFieldName T.liquid;
        value           uniform 553.15;
    }
} 


solid thermoPhysicalProperties

PHP Code:

/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
| =========                 |                                                 |
| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2112                                 |
|   \\  /    A nd           | Website:  www.openfoam.com                      |
|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
FoamFile
{
    version     2.0;
    format      ascii;
    class       dictionary;
    object      thermophysicalProperties;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

thermoType
{
    type            heSolidThermo;
    mixture         pureMixture;
    transport       constIso;
    thermo          hConst;
    equationOfState rhoConst;
    specie          specie;
    energy          sensibleEnthalpy;
}

mixture
{
    specie
    {
        molWeight   50;
    }
    transport
    {
        kappa   60;
    }
    thermodynamics
    {
        Hf      0;
        Cp      450;
    }
    equationOfState
    {
        rho     8000;
    }
} 


gas thermoPhyisicalProperties

PHP Code:

/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
| =========                 |                                                 |
| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2112                                 |
|   \\  /    A nd           | Website:  www.openfoam.com                      |
|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
FoamFile
{
    version     2.0;
    format      ascii;
    class       dictionary;
    object      thermophysicalProperties.gas;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

thermoType
{
    type            heRhoThermo;
    mixture         pureMixture;
    transport       const;
    thermo          hConst;
    equationOfState perfectGas;
    specie          specie;
    energy          sensibleEnthalpy;
}

dpdt no;

mixture
{
    specie
    {
        molWeight       18.0153;
    }
    equationOfState
    {
        rho        1;
    }
    thermodynamics
    {
        Hf          0;
        Cp          2078;//12078.4;//.4;//;
        Tref        373.55;
        Href        2675500;
    }
    transport
    {
        mu          1.2256e-5;
        Pr          2.289;
    }
} 


liquid thermoPhysicalProperties

PHP Code:

/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
| =========                 |                                                 |
| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2112                                 |
|   \\  /    A nd           | Website:  www.openfoam.com                      |
|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
FoamFile
{
    version     2.0;
    format      ascii;
    class       dictionary;
    object      thermophysicalProperties.liquid;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

thermoType
{
    type            heRhoThermo;
    mixture         pureMixture;
    transport       const;
    thermo          hConst;
    equationOfState rhoConst;
    specie          specie;
    energy          sensibleEnthalpy;
}

dpdt no;

mixture
{
    specie
    {
        molWeight       18.0153;
    }
    equationOfState
    {
        rho         1000;
    }
    thermodynamics
    {
        Hf          0;
        Cp          4195;
        Tref        373.55;
        Href        417500;
    }
    transport
    {
        mu          959e-6;
        Pr          6.62;
    }
} 


error:

PHP Code:

Build  : _80318542-20220301 OPENFOAM=2112 patch=220310 version=2112
Arch   : "LSB;label=32;scalar=64"
Exec   : chtMultiRegionTwoPhaseEulerFoam
Date   : Apr 29 2022
Time   : 17:17:32
Host   : DESKTOP-KQHAQ38
PID    : 12064
I/O    : uncollated
Case   : /home/rohamapr/OpenFOAM_2112/solidQuenching2D.7
nProcs : 1
trapFpe: Floating point exception trapping enabled (FOAM_SIGFPE).
fileModificationChecking : Monitoring run-time modified files using timeStampMaster (fileModificationSkew 5, maxFileModificationPolls 20)
allowSystemOperations : Allowing user-supplied system call operations

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Create time

Overriding DebugSwitches according to controlDict
    compressible::alphatWallBoilingWallFunction 0;

    compressible::turbulentTemperatureTwoPhaseRadCoupledMixed 0;

Create fluid mesh for region water for time = 0

Create solid mesh for region solid for time = 0

*** Reading fluid mesh thermophysical properties for region water


PIMPLE: no residual control data found. Calculations will employ 2 corrector loops

    Adding to phaseSystemFluid

Selecting twoPhaseSystem thermalPhaseChangeTwoPhaseSystem
Selecting phaseModel for gas: purePhaseModel
Selecting diameterModel for phase gas: isothermal
Selecting thermodynamics package 
{
    type            heRhoThermo;
    mixture         pureMixture;
    transport       const;
    thermo          hConst;
    equationOfState perfectGas;
    specie          specie;
    energy          sensibleEnthalpy;
}

Calculating face flux field phi.gas
Selecting turbulence model type RAS
Selecting RAS turbulence model mixtureKEpsilon
Selecting partitioningModel: Lavieville
RAS
{
    RASModel        mixtureKEpsilon;
    turbulence      on;
    printCoeffs     on;
    Cmu             0.09;
    C1              1.44;
    C2              1.92;
    C3              1.92;
    Cp              0.25;
    sigmak          1;
    sigmaEps        1.3;
}

Selecting phaseModel for liquid: purePhaseModel
Selecting diameterModel for phase liquid: constant
Selecting thermodynamics package 
{
    type            heRhoThermo;
    mixture         pureMixture;
    transport       const;
    thermo          hConst;
    equationOfState rhoConst;
    specie          specie;
    energy          sensibleEnthalpy;
}

Calculating face flux field phi.liquid
Selecting turbulence model type RAS
Selecting RAS turbulence model mixtureKEpsilon
Selecting partitioningModel: Lavieville
Selecting partitioningModel: Lavieville
Selecting nucleationSiteModel: LemmertChawla
Selecting departureDiameterModel: TolubinskiKostanchuk
Selecting departureFrequencyModel: Cole
Selecting LeidenfrostModel: Spiegler
Selecting CHFModel: Zuber
Selecting CHFSubCoolModel: HuaXu
Selecting MHFModel: Jeschar
Selecting TDNBModel: Schroeder
Selecting filmBoilingModel: Bromley
RAS
{
    RASModel        mixtureKEpsilon;
    turbulence      on;
    printCoeffs     on;
    Cmu             0.09;
    C1              1.44;
    C2              1.92;
    C3              1.92;
    Cp              0.25;
    sigmak          1;
    sigmaEps        1.3;
}

No MRF models present

Selecting default blending method: linear
Selecting drag blending method: linear
Selecting heatTransfer blending method: linear
Selecting massTransfer blending method: linear
Selecting surfaceTensionModel for (gas and liquid): constant
Selecting aspectRatioModel for (gas in liquid): constant
Selecting aspectRatioModel for (liquid in gas): constant
Selecting dragModel for (gas in liquid): IshiiZuber
Selecting swarmCorrection for (gas in liquid): none
Selecting dragModel for (liquid in gas): IshiiZuber
Selecting swarmCorrection for (liquid in gas): none
Selecting virtualMassModel for (gas in liquid): constantCoefficient
Selecting virtualMassModel for (liquid in gas): constantCoefficient
Selecting liftModel for (gas in liquid): Tomiyama
Selecting wallLubricationModel for (gas in liquid): Antal
Selecting turbulentDispersionModel for (gas in liquid): Burns
Selecting heatTransferModel for (gas in liquid): spherical
Selecting heatTransferModel for (liquid in gas): RanzMarshall
Selecting heatTransferModel for (gas in liquid): RanzMarshall
Selecting heatTransferModel for (liquid in gas): spherical
Selecting saturationModel: function1
    Adding hRefFluid

    Adding ghRef

    Adding p_rghFluid

    Correcting p_rghFluid

    Correcting initialMassFluid

    Setting reference

*** Reading solid mesh thermophysical properties for region solid

    Adding to thermos

Selecting thermodynamics package 
{
    type            heSolidThermo;
    mixture         pureMixture;
    transport       constIso;
    thermo          hConst;
    equationOfState rhoConst;
    specie          specie;
    energy          sensibleEnthalpy;
}

    Adding to radiations

Selecting radiationModel none
    Adding fvOptions

Courant Number max: 0
Region: solid Diffusion Number mean: 4.4725177305e-05 max: 0.000266666666667
Selecting heat transfer coefficient model fixedReferenceTemperature
surfaceFieldValue htcSurfaceFieldValue:
    operation     = areaAverage


deltaT = 1e-06
Courant Number max: 0
Region: solid Diffusion Number mean: 4.4725177305e-05 max: 0.000266666666667
deltaT = 1.19999040008e-06
Time = 1.19999e-06


Solving for fluid region water
Creating finite volume options from "constant/fvOptions"

Selecting finite volume options type limitTemperature
    Source: limitTLiq
    - selecting all cells
    - selected 23300 cell(s) with volume 1.91882352941e-05
Selecting finite volume options type limitTemperature
    Source: limitTGas
    - selecting all cells
    - selected 23300 cell(s) with volume 1.91882352941e-05
MULES: Solving for alpha.gas
MULES: Solving for alpha.gas
MULES: Solving for alpha.gas
alpha.gas volume fraction = 0.656652360515  Min(alpha1) = 0  Max(alpha1) = 1
Constructing face momentum equations
Tf.gasAndLiquid: min = 408.15, mean = 408.15, max = 408.15
wDmdt.gasAndLiquid: min = 0, mean = 0.0877555175149, max = 32.9032756478, integral = 1.68387351845e-06


--> FOAM FATAL ERROR: (openfoam-2112 patch=220310)
Using kappaMethod fluidThermo, but thermo package not available


    From virtual Foam::tmp<Foam::Field<double> > Foam::temperatureCoupledBase::kappa(const scalarField&) const
    in file turbulentFluidThermoModels/derivedFvPatchFields/temperatureCoupledBase/temperatureCoupledBase.C at line 266.

FOAM exiting 


[JulioPieri]

Have you try narrowing down the error to an specific BC/patch?
Try using another BC instead of externalWall[...] to see if the error is within that BC.

Is that BC implemented in the chtMulti-twoPhase?

[Roham..Seif]

Thank you for the reponse.

-I set the BC to only one of the walls, still the same error.
-I tried zeroGradient instead of externalWallHeatFluxTemperature and it worked fine.
-using the "banana" trick:

--> FOAM FATAL IO ERROR: (openfoam-2112 patch=220310)
Unknown patchField type banana for patch type wall

Valid patchField types :
.
.
.
externalWallHeatFluxTemperature
.
.

[JulioPieri]

Could you share your case? I'll try from my side

[JulioPieri]

Actually I was able to reproduce the error from the tutorial case.

I did some research and the relevant part of the code is:

switch (method_)
     {
         case mtFluidThermo:
         {
             typedef compressible::turbulenceModel turbulenceModel;
  
             {
                 const auto* ptr =
                     mesh.cfindObject<turbulenceModel>
                     (
                         turbulenceModel::propertiesName
                     );
  
                 if (ptr)
                 {
                     return ptr->kappaEff(patchi);
                 }
             }
  
             {
                 const auto* ptr =
                     mesh.cfindObject<fluidThermo>(basicThermo::dictName);
  
                 if (ptr)
                 {
                     return ptr->kappa(patchi);
                 }
             }
  
             {
                 const auto* ptr =
                     mesh.cfindObject<basicThermo>(basicThermo::dictName);
  
                 if (ptr)
                 {
                     return ptr->kappa(patchi);
                 }
             }
  
             {
                 const auto* ptr =
                     mesh.cfindObject<basicThermo>("phaseProperties");
  
                 if (ptr)
                 {
                     return ptr->kappa(patchi);
                 }
             }
  
             FatalErrorInFunction
                 << "Using kappaMethod " << KMethodTypeNames_[method_]
                 << ", but thermo package not available\n"
                 << exit(FatalError);
  
             break;
         }
...

There is a discussion here (it's no the exact same problem but it can point to the solution): https://develop.openfoam.com/Develop...s/-/issues/946

In one of the comments, a user suggest to calculate kappa and create a kapp field to use with "lookup" kappaMethod, or to use fixedGradient.

[Roham..Seif]

Many thanks Julio.

I prefer not to keep the gradient constant. The other option sounds promissing but I do not know how can I define kappa for it. Any help is appreciated.

[JulioPieri]

You might have to modify the solver to create an IOobject. codedFunction might work here. It's a very simple operation, though. You can also use swak4Foam for that.

Check the available funcionObjects as it could have one for kappa (I'm not sure).

To calculate Kappa, you can initially assume a constant for the material. Then get the temperature field and recalculate kappa in a spreadsheet for each cell. Then update the results in the kappa field file (you have to think some clever ordering here) and run the case for a while. You can iterate this a few times to "converge" the kappa method.

I've never done this with kappa, but did similar procedure to calculate the "h" and "Ta" of the same BC and it gave me good results.

[oscar_zagal]

Hi dear all

Do you know where can I get the governing equations of the solver chtMultiRegionTwoPhaseEulerFoam?

Thanks in advance.

[JulioPieri]

You should be able to find it for twoPhaseEuler (multiphaseEuler, etc) and for chtMultiRegion separately.

Try looking for similar solvers from other codes (commercial ones, for instance) as well, as the equation should most likely be the same.

[oscar_zagal]

Originally Posted by JulioPieri

You should be able to find it for twoPhaseEuler (multiphaseEuler, etc) and for chtMultiRegion separately.

Try looking for similar solvers from other codes (commercial ones, for instance) as well, as the equation should most likely be the same.

Thanks for your advice, the source code is very complicated, is not like the basic solvers.