[carolee]

Hello, I am simulating a turbulent flow in a cylindrical tube using simpleFoam using the k-omega turbulence model, the inlet velocity is fixed at 0.455 m/s, I put below the initial conditions, my fvSolution and fvSchemes file, the solution converges but the maximum velocity I get is equal to 0.605 m/s but it must be 2*0.455 m/s, I tried with a longer tube but it remains the same velocity, can someone tell me the cause of this problem please???

FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class volScalarField;
object k;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //



dimensions [0 2 -2 0 0 0 0];

internalField uniform 0.00094;

boundaryField
{


inlet
{
type fixedValue;
value 0.00094;
}

outlet
{
type zeroGradient;
}

wall
{
type kqRWallFunction;
value uniform 0.00094;
}


}

FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class volScalarField;
location "0";
object nut;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

dimensions [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0];

internalField uniform 0;

boundaryField
{


inlet
{
type calculated;
value uniform 0;
}

outlet
{
type calculated;
value uniform 0;
}

wall
{
type nutkWallFunction;
value uniform 0;
}

}

FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class volScalarField;
object omega;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //


dimensions [0 0 -1 0 0 0 0];

internalField uniform 72.89;

boundaryField
{

inlet
{
type fixedValue;
value 72.89;
}

outlet
{
type zeroGradient;
}

wall
{
type omegaWallFunction;
value uniform 72.89;
}

}

FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class volVectorField;
object U;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

dimensions [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];

internalField uniform (0 0 0);

boundaryField
{
inlet
{
type fixedValue;
value uniform (0 0 0.455);
}

outlet
{
type zeroGradient;
}

wall
{
type noSlip;
}

}

FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class volScalarField;
object p;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

dimensions [0 2 -2 0 0 0 0];

internalField uniform 0;

boundaryField
{
inlet
{
type zeroGradient;
}

outlet
{
type fixedValue;
value uniform 0;
}

wall
{
type zeroGradient;
}

}

FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class dictionary;
location "system";
object fvSolution;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

solvers
{
p
{
solver GAMG;
tolerance 1e-06;
relTol 0.01;
smoother GaussSeidel;
}


"(U|k|epsilon|omega|f|v2)"
{
solver smoothSolver;
smoother symGaussSeidel;
tolerance 1e-06;
relTol 0.1;
}
}

SIMPLE
{
nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;
consistent yes;

residualControl
{
p 1e-6;
U 1e-6;
"(k|epsilon|omega|f|v2)" 1e-3;
}
}

relaxationFactors
{
equations
{
U 0.95; // 0.9 is more stable but 0.95 more convergent
".*" 0.95; // 0.9 is more stable but 0.95 more convergent
}
}

FoamFile
{
version 2.0;
format ascii;
class dictionary;
location "system";
object fvSchemes;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

ddtSchemes
{
default steadyState;
}

gradSchemes
{
default Gauss linear;
}

divSchemes
{
default none;
div(phi,U) bounded Gauss linearUpwind grad(U);
div(phi,k) bounded Gauss limitedLinear 1;
div(phi,epsilon) bounded Gauss limitedLinear 1;
div(phi,omega) bounded Gauss limitedLinear 1;
div(phi,v2) bounded Gauss limitedLinear 1;
div((nuEff*dev2(T(grad(U))))) Gauss linear;
div(nonlinearStress) Gauss linear;
}

laplacianSchemes
{
default Gauss linear corrected;
}

interpolationSchemes
{
default linear;
}

snGradSchemes
{
default corrected;
}

wallDist
{
method meshWave;
}